Fertility tends to decline with age in both men and women. This typically affects women at a younger age than men.
Women under 35 that have been trying to conceive for a year without success should request a fertility evaluation.
In women over 35, a fertility evaluation should be requested after 6 months of unprotected intercourse. ASRM Age and Fertility Booklet
Semen analysis: The male partner is often tested early in the evaluation, and this is a test that is easy to perform and generally of low cost. In 20% of infertile couples, deficits in semen analysis parameters are thought to exclusively contribute to difficulties in achieving pregnancy; in 40 % of couples, male factors are partly responsible.
Semen profile: This is a more advanced sperm test than a semen analysis. It is often used as a follow up to an abnormal semen analysis and is performed when decisions are needed as to whether procedures such as intrauterine insemination (IUI) is appropriate or if in vitro fertilization (IVF) is necessary.